shield tunnel boring machine
The shield tunnel boring machine is an advanced piece of equipment designed for underground excavation, particularly in urban environments where disruption above ground must be minimized. This machine features a protective shield, known as the cutting face, which is pushed forward by hydraulic rams. Its main functions include drilling, excavating soil, and supporting the tunnel face, all while installing precast concrete segments to form the tunnel lining. Technological features include a rotating cutting wheel, a thrust system, and an automated segment erector. The machine is commonly used in the construction of subways, sewers, and utility tunnels, making it an essential component of modern infrastructure development.